Geochemistry of Sedimentary Iron Ore in Shendi-Atbara Basin, River Nile State, Sudan
Keywords:
Geochemistry, Iron ore, Chemical precipitation, Chemical analysis, PotentialityAbstract
This paper emphasized on the geochemistry of sedimentary iron ore of Shendi-Atbara Basin, River Nile State, Sudan. The main geological units in the study area are composed of Basement Complex (Pre-Cambrian), Nubian Sandstone Formation (upper Cretaceous), Hudi Chert (Oligocene) and Quaternary superficial deposit in ascending chrono logical order. The aim of this study is to investigate the geochemical behavior and geochemical conditions affecting precipitation of sedimentary iron ore. The methodologies have been used to realize the objectives of this study included; fieldwork, geochemical data analyses. Geochemical investigation of studied samples includes chemical analysis such as major oxide analysis (Fe2O3, SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, K2O and Na2O) and trace element analysis (Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Mnand Ni) using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The results showed that the origin of iron ore is formed by chemical precipitation during chemical weathering of the rocks from surrounding areas. The study of iron ore showed that, the environmental conditions under which iron ore are formed were lacustrine environment and warm temperature. Concentration of Fe2O3 in the study area ranges between maximum 79.52% in Goz Alhaj area to minimum 27.22% in Alkarbican area and the average is 53.37% indicate that the quality of iron ore is good according to int ernational standards. All these results have been to construct isoconcentration maps of the iron ore distribution in study area and potentiality for future mining works.References
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Dymek, R.F., Klein, C., 1988. Chemistry, petrology and origin of banded iron-formation lithologies from the 3800 Ma Isua supracrustal belt, west Greenland. Precambrian Research 39, 247-302.
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Kheiralla, M.K., 1966. A study of the Nubian sandstone formation of the Nile Valley between 12°N and 17°42’N with reference to the groundwater geology. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Levinson, A.A., 1980. Introduction to Exploration Geochemistry, (2nd Edition) Applied Publishing Ltd., pp. 892.
Maynard, J.B., 1983. Geochemistry of sedimentary ore deposit, University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio 45221 U.S.A. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data, pp 9-10, 121-123.
Vail, J.R., 1971. Geological reconnaissance in part of Berber District, Northern Province. Geological Survey Department of the Sudan, Bulletin 18, Khartoum, 76 pp.
Vail, J.R., 1978. Outline of the geology and mineral deposits of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan and adjacent areas. Overseas Geology and Mineral Resources 49, 67.
Vail, J.R., 1983. Pan-African crustal accretion in North-East Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences 1 (3-4), 285-294.
Vail, J.R., 1985. Alkaline ring complexes in Sudan. Journal of African Earth Sciences 3 (1-2), 51-59. Vail, J.R., 1988. Lexicon of geological terms for the Sudan. CRC Press, 208 p.
Whiteman, A.J., 1971. The geology of the Sudan Republic. London Clarendon Press: Oxford, 290 pp.
Abdel Mageed, A., 2006. Proposal for establishing steal industry in Shandi-Ed Damer area, The River Nile State. Hasa Construction and Mining Co. Ltd, Khartoum, 38p.
Abdirasak, A.H., 2019. Application of resistivity and remote sensing techniques for the groundwater investigation in the sabaloka complex – river Nile state, Sudan, M.Sc. Thesis, pp 12.
Abdullatif, O.M., 1993. Sedimentology Reserve estimation of mud stone in the Cretaceous Nubian sand stone at Umm Ali area. Sudan (Unpublished Report).
Abdullatif, O.M., 1995. Lacustrine deposits and alluvial of the upper Cretaceous Shendi Formation, Umm Ali are, Central Sudan, In seminar of Geoscientific problem in Arid Areas-Khartoum, Sudan, Abstract.
Ahmed, A.A.M., 1998. Sudan Industrial Minerals and Rocks. Centre for Strategic Studies in Khartoum, Sudan.
Alibert, C., McCulloch M.T., 1993. Rare earth element and neodymium composition of the banded iron formations and associated shales from Hamersley, Western Australia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 57,187-204.
Almond, D.C, 1969. Structure and metamorphism of the basement complex of NE Uganda. Overseas Geology and Mineral Resources 10, 146-163.
Almond, D.C., 1977. The sabaloka igneous complex, Sudan. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 287, 595-633.
Almond, D.C., O’ Halloran, D., Curtis, P., McCormac, M., Vail, J.R., 1977. Concentration of younger granite ring complexes and small Cenozoic volcanic fields in Bayuda Desert, Sudan. 20th Ann. Rep. Res. Inst. Afr. Geol. Univ. Leeds. P.61-65, Leeds.
Anderw, G., 1948. The geology of the Sudan. PP84-128 in Agriculture in the Sudan. Tothill, J.D. (Editor), Oxford University, London.
Andrew, G., Karkains, G.Y., 1945. Stratigraphical Notes, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Sudan Notes and Records 26 (1), 157-166.
Cox, L.R, 1932. On fossiliferous siliceous boulders from the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Proc. Geological Society of London, No. 1254, pp.17-18.
Dymek, R.F., Klein, C., 1988. Chemistry, petrology and origin of banded iron-formation lithologies from the 3800 Ma Isua supracrustal belt, west Greenland. Precambrian Research 39, 247-302.
Hamed, H.B.O., 2005. Sedimentological and Geochemical Characteristics of the sediments west of Al Bauga area. River Nile State, Sudan. M.Sc. Thesis, pp. 204.
Kheiralla, M.K., 1966. A study of the Nubian sandstone formation of the Nile Valley between 12°N and 17°42’N with reference to the groundwater geology. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Levinson, A.A., 1980. Introduction to Exploration Geochemistry, (2nd Edition) Applied Publishing Ltd., pp. 892.
Maynard, J.B., 1983. Geochemistry of sedimentary ore deposit, University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio 45221 U.S.A. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data, pp 9-10, 121-123.
Vail, J.R., 1971. Geological reconnaissance in part of Berber District, Northern Province. Geological Survey Department of the Sudan, Bulletin 18, Khartoum, 76 pp.
Vail, J.R., 1978. Outline of the geology and mineral deposits of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan and adjacent areas. Overseas Geology and Mineral Resources 49, 67.
Vail, J.R., 1983. Pan-African crustal accretion in North-East Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences 1 (3-4), 285-294.
Vail, J.R., 1985. Alkaline ring complexes in Sudan. Journal of African Earth Sciences 3 (1-2), 51-59. Vail, J.R., 1988. Lexicon of geological terms for the Sudan. CRC Press, 208 p.
Whiteman, A.J., 1971. The geology of the Sudan Republic. London Clarendon Press: Oxford, 290 pp.
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2021-07-15
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