Exploit of Ground Magnetic Survey Data for Solid Mineral Exploration
Keywords:
Basement, Exploitation, Geophysical Data, Susceptibility, TraversesAbstract
Solid minerals are natural resources that forms part of the earth resources which beckon on humankind for exploration, extraction, exploitation and growth. The high global demand for solid mineral produce has led to growing applications of geophysical scientific knowledge of prospecting to a wide range of solid mineral deposits. In this study, ground magnetic survey was used to investigate and delineate the presence of subsurface magnetic features for possible solid mineral exploration. Ground magnetic field survey carried out with a hand-held magnetometer were taken in Igarra along Six (6) traverses at 20 m interval each and in Ososo along two (2) traverses were surveyed at 20 m and 5 m interval each respectively. It involves establishing traverses in an approximately W – E direction in the study area. The GSM-19T Systems utilities software was u sed to perform the diurnal corrections. The total magnetic intensity values at various station positions were processed to obtain the relative magnetic intensity values. These were plotted against station positions as magnetic profiles using Grapher 11 to produce the magnetic profile along the traverses while Surfer 13.0 Software was also used to produce relative magnetic intensity map, 2D Contour and 3D Surface distribution Maps which aided the qualitatively interpretation. The obtained magnetic signature showed substantial varying amplitude from a minimum value of - 750 nT to a maximum value of 1000 nT, indicative of different magnetic susceptibilities or distinction in solid mineral contents of the rock types. It also showed that there are magnetic mineral rocks with high magnetic susceptibility values from the centre towards the northeastern and low magnetic susceptibility values at the southwestern of the study area. The findings showed that the study area had vast occurrence of the solid mineral deposits which would be of economic importance, if exploited.References
Ajayi, C.A., Akintorinwa, O.J., Ademilua, O.L., Adeoye A.S., 2019. Relationship between Magnetic Susceptibility and Gravity of Basement Rocks in Southwestern Nigeria. Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics (2) 46-57.
Akintayo, O.O., Toyin, O.O. Olorunyomi, J.A., 2014. Determination of Location and Depth of Mineral Rocks at Olode Village in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, Using Geophysical Methods. International Journal of Geophysics 2014, 1-13.
Babu, R.V., Ram, S., Sundararajan, N., 2007. Modeling and inversion of magnetic and VLF-EM data with an application to basement fractures: A case study from Raigarh, India. Geophysics 72 (5), B133-B140.
Clark, D.A., 1997. Magnetic petrophysics and magnetic petrology: Aids to geological interpretation of magnetic surveys: AGSO Journal of Australian Geology & Geophysics 17 (2), 83-103.
Clark, D.A., Emerson, D.W., 1991. Notes on rock magnetization characteristics in applied geophysics studies. Exploration Geophysics 22, 547-555.
Egesi, N., Tse, A.C., 2011. Dimension stone: Exploration, Evaluation Exploitation in southwest parts of Oban Massif, southeastern Nigeria. Journal of Geology and Mining Research 3 (4), 115-122.
Folami, S.L., 1998. Aeromagnetic anomalies over the amphibolite complex in Itagumodi area, Southwest Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology 27 (1), 31-34.
GETECH., 2007. Advanced Processing and Interpretation of Gravity and Magnetic Data. GETECH Plc. Kitson House Elmete Hall Leeds, UK. 27.
Grant, F.S., 1985. Aeromagnetics, geology and ore environments, I. Magnetite in igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks: An overview: Geoexploration 24, 2141-2159.
Gunn, P.J., 1997. Application of aeromagnetic surveys to sedimentary basin studies. Australian Geological Society Organization (AGSO). Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics 17 (2), 133-144.
Hanna, W.F., 1990. Some historical notes on early magnetic surveying in the U. S. Geological Survey, in W. F. Hanna, ed., Geologic applications of modern aeromagnetic surveys: U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1924, 63-73.
Kearey, P., Brook, S.M., Hill, I., 2002. Introduction to geophysical exploration. 3rd Edition. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford.
Kjetil S., 2012. Magnetic susceptibility of sedimentary rocks from Bjornoya, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Geology and Mineral Resources Engineering, Publication, NTNU-Trondheim.
Nwankwo, L.I., Olasehinde, P. I., Bayewu, O.O., 2006. Depth estimates from a ground magnetic survey across a North-South trending geologic structure in a part of the basement complex terrain of Ilorin, West of central Nigeria. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 13 (2), 209-214.
Odeyemi, I.B., 1982. A review of the orogenic events in the Precambrian basement of Nigeria, West Africa. Geologische Rundschau 70, 897-909.
Ozegin, K.O., Oseghale, A.O., 2012a. Fundamentals of Active methods of Geophysical Prospecting: In Osemenikhian, J.E.A. (ed). Oshio Prints, a division of Osabeat computers Benin City Nigeria, 1-2.
Ozegin, K.O., Oseghale, A.O., Ogedegbe, E.O., 2012b. Integrated Geophysical Investigation and Characterisation of Aquifer Structures in a Complex Environment. Advances in Applied Science Research 3 (1), 475- 480.
Rahaman, M.A., Ocan, O., 1978. On relationship in the Precambrian migmatic gneisses of Nigeria. Nigeria Journal of Mining and Geology 15, 23-32.
Reford, M.S., Sumner, J.S., 1964. Aeromagnetics. Geophysics 29, 482-516.
Telford, W.M., Geldhart, L.P., Sheriff, R.E. 1990. Applied Geophysics (3rd. Ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 75-90.
Wright, G., Czelusta, J., 2003. Mineral Resources and Economic Development. Conference on Sector Reform in Latin America Stanford Center for International Development November 13-15, 2003.
Young, C. T., Droege, D.R., 1986. Archaeological applications of resistivity and magnetic methods at fort wilkins state park, michigan, Geophysics 51 (3), 568-575.
Akintayo, O.O., Toyin, O.O. Olorunyomi, J.A., 2014. Determination of Location and Depth of Mineral Rocks at Olode Village in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, Using Geophysical Methods. International Journal of Geophysics 2014, 1-13.
Babu, R.V., Ram, S., Sundararajan, N., 2007. Modeling and inversion of magnetic and VLF-EM data with an application to basement fractures: A case study from Raigarh, India. Geophysics 72 (5), B133-B140.
Clark, D.A., 1997. Magnetic petrophysics and magnetic petrology: Aids to geological interpretation of magnetic surveys: AGSO Journal of Australian Geology & Geophysics 17 (2), 83-103.
Clark, D.A., Emerson, D.W., 1991. Notes on rock magnetization characteristics in applied geophysics studies. Exploration Geophysics 22, 547-555.
Egesi, N., Tse, A.C., 2011. Dimension stone: Exploration, Evaluation Exploitation in southwest parts of Oban Massif, southeastern Nigeria. Journal of Geology and Mining Research 3 (4), 115-122.
Folami, S.L., 1998. Aeromagnetic anomalies over the amphibolite complex in Itagumodi area, Southwest Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology 27 (1), 31-34.
GETECH., 2007. Advanced Processing and Interpretation of Gravity and Magnetic Data. GETECH Plc. Kitson House Elmete Hall Leeds, UK. 27.
Grant, F.S., 1985. Aeromagnetics, geology and ore environments, I. Magnetite in igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks: An overview: Geoexploration 24, 2141-2159.
Gunn, P.J., 1997. Application of aeromagnetic surveys to sedimentary basin studies. Australian Geological Society Organization (AGSO). Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics 17 (2), 133-144.
Hanna, W.F., 1990. Some historical notes on early magnetic surveying in the U. S. Geological Survey, in W. F. Hanna, ed., Geologic applications of modern aeromagnetic surveys: U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1924, 63-73.
Kearey, P., Brook, S.M., Hill, I., 2002. Introduction to geophysical exploration. 3rd Edition. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford.
Kjetil S., 2012. Magnetic susceptibility of sedimentary rocks from Bjornoya, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Geology and Mineral Resources Engineering, Publication, NTNU-Trondheim.
Nwankwo, L.I., Olasehinde, P. I., Bayewu, O.O., 2006. Depth estimates from a ground magnetic survey across a North-South trending geologic structure in a part of the basement complex terrain of Ilorin, West of central Nigeria. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 13 (2), 209-214.
Odeyemi, I.B., 1982. A review of the orogenic events in the Precambrian basement of Nigeria, West Africa. Geologische Rundschau 70, 897-909.
Ozegin, K.O., Oseghale, A.O., 2012a. Fundamentals of Active methods of Geophysical Prospecting: In Osemenikhian, J.E.A. (ed). Oshio Prints, a division of Osabeat computers Benin City Nigeria, 1-2.
Ozegin, K.O., Oseghale, A.O., Ogedegbe, E.O., 2012b. Integrated Geophysical Investigation and Characterisation of Aquifer Structures in a Complex Environment. Advances in Applied Science Research 3 (1), 475- 480.
Rahaman, M.A., Ocan, O., 1978. On relationship in the Precambrian migmatic gneisses of Nigeria. Nigeria Journal of Mining and Geology 15, 23-32.
Reford, M.S., Sumner, J.S., 1964. Aeromagnetics. Geophysics 29, 482-516.
Telford, W.M., Geldhart, L.P., Sheriff, R.E. 1990. Applied Geophysics (3rd. Ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 75-90.
Wright, G., Czelusta, J., 2003. Mineral Resources and Economic Development. Conference on Sector Reform in Latin America Stanford Center for International Development November 13-15, 2003.
Young, C. T., Droege, D.R., 1986. Archaeological applications of resistivity and magnetic methods at fort wilkins state park, michigan, Geophysics 51 (3), 568-575.
Downloads
Published
2021-07-15
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Kesyton Oyamenda Ozegin, Owens Monday Alile
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The authors keep the copyrights of the published materials with them, but the authors are aggee to give an exclusive license to the publisher that transfers all publishing and commercial exploitation rights to the publisher. The puslisher then shares the content published in this journal under CC BY-NC-ND license.
