Geochemical Assessment Methods of Outcropped Metasedimentary/Metamorphic and Deeply Buried Sedimentary Oil and Gas Source Rocks by Hydrocarbon-Rich Waters and Soils: A Novel Graphical Approach and Case Studies
Keywords:
Metamorphosed source rock, Buried source rock, Hydrocarbon-rich water, Hydrocarbon-rich soil, TPH in water analysis, TPH in soil analysis
Abstract
This study presents the applied methods used for geochemical evaluation of metasedimentary/metamorphic (depleted/exhausted/spent source rocks) and deeply buried sedimentary source rocks from hydrocarbon-rich waters and soils. Someone can determine all parameters used in geochemical assessments of source rocks by conducting TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons) analysis in both water and soil. It is considered that our knowledge about the metamorphosed source rocks will increase as the applications of methods discussed in this chapter increase. Within the study's scope, the Pr/n-C17 versus Ph/n-C18 plot used to evaluate the source, depositional environment, redox conditions of the depositional environment, thermal maturity, and hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks in petroleum geochemistry is also comprehensively revised. In the revised plot, the ranges for API gravity, specific gravity (SG), sulfur content (S), biodegradation parameter (BP), vitrinite reflectance (Ro%), and maximum temperature (Tmax) values are defined. Thus, a new approach is developed to estimate API gravities and sulfur contents of petroleum fluids that might be discovered within reservoirs in any specified prospective area from surface geochemical surveys. Furthermore, humic and sapropelic coal ranges are separated. In this way, the plots' functionality and efficiency are developed, making petroleum geochemical assessments possible in only one diagram instead of using several graphs or charts.
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