Evaluating Groundwater Resources in Basement Complex Areas Through Electrical Resistivity Techniques

Authors

  • Adeolu Adegboyega Department of Geology, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
  • Ayua Kuma Joshua Department of Earth Science, Western Delta University, Delta State, Nigeria
  • Wasiu Olajuwon Osisanya Department of Physics, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
  • Eyankware O. Moses Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Dennis Osadebay University, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria

Keywords:

Groundwater, Aquifer, Parameters, Depth, Resistivity

Abstract

An approach engaging Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) was carried out with a view to developing groundwater potential in Akure South local government area of Southwest Nigeria, thirteen (13) depth sounding data were acquired using Schlumberger array, with half maximum current electrode separation (AB/2) varies from 1 to 100 m. The VES data were quantitatively interpreted using partial curve matching and computer aided iteration to determine the geo-electrical parameters of each station. The result revealed a maximum of four (4) geoelectric layers which are topsoil (113-384Ωm), laterite (248-1093Ωm), weathered layer (72-155Ωm) and fresh basement layer (955-9872Ωm). Five (5) parameters namely, hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, coefficient of anisotropy, aquifer thickness and aquifer resistivity which ranges from (0.0176–0.032) m/s, (0.128–0.3179) m/s2, (1.016–1.7522), (4.0-16.3) m, and (72–155) Ωm respectively were determined from the quantitatively interpreted geo-electrical parameters using the existing groundwater flow equations. The modeled aquifer hydraulic parameters are believed to have relevant contributions towards groundwater occurrence in the area of study. The produced aquifer hydraulic parameters were synthesized via Weighted Linear Combination (WLC)-multi criteria technique to determine the groundwater reservoir potential index (GRPI) values of the area. The GRPI results were processed to produce the groundwater potential map for the area and the direction of the ground water flow was also modeled using ground water modeling (GMS) software. The prediction map classified the area into very low, low and moderate potential zones as areas <95 Ω-m, 95–120 Ω-m, >120 Ω-m respectively. About 85% of the area falls within low groundwater potential rating, the study area can be rated to be of low groundwater potential which can serve the proposed engineering building for domestic purpose.

.

References

Abiola, O., Enikanselu P.A., Oladapo, M.I., 2009. Groundwater potential and aquifer protective capacity of overburden units in Ado-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria. International Journal of Physical Sciences 4, 120-132.

Akakuru, O.C., Eyankware, M.O., Akakuru, O.U., Nkwoada, A.U., Agunanne, V.C., 2023. Quantification of contamination, ecological risk index, and health risk assessment of groundwater using artificial neural network and multi-linear regression modeling approaches within Egbema, Nigeria. Arabia Journal of Geosciences 16 (9), 507. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-023-11600-0.

Akinseye, V.O., Osisanya, W.O., Eyankware, M.O., Korode, I.A., Ibitoye, A.T., 2023. Application of second order geoelectric indices in determination of groundwater vulnerability in hard rock terrain in SW. Nigeria. Sustainable Water Resources Management 9, 169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-023-00936-w.

Bala, A.E., Ike, E.C., 2001. The Aquifer of the crystalline Basement Rocks in Gausau Area, North-westem Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology 3, 79-84.

Eyankware, M.O., Nnajieze, V.S., Aleke, C.G. ,2018. Geochemical assessment of water quality for irrigation purpose, in abandoned limestone quarry pit at Nkalagu area, Southern Benue Trough Nigeria. Environ Earth Science77, 66 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-018-7232-x.

Eyankware, M.O., 2019. Integrated Landsat Imagery and Resistivity methods in Evaluation of Groundwater Potential of Fractured Shale at Ejekwe Area, Southeastern Nigeria, Unpublished PhD Thesis.

Eyankware, M.O., Aleke, G., 2021. Geoelectric investigation to determine fracture zones and aquifer vulnerability in southern Benue Trough southeastern Nigeria. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 14, 2259 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08542-w.

Eyankware, M.O., Akakuru, C.O., Eyankware, E.O. 2022. Hydrogeophysical delineation of aquifer vulnerability in parts of Nkalagu areas of Abakaliki, SE. Nigeria. Sustainable Water Resources Management 8, 39 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-022-00603-6.

Eyankware, M.O., Umayah, S.O., 2022. 1D modeling of aquifer vulnerability and soil corrosivity within the sedimentary terrain inSouthern Nigeria, using resistivity method. World News of Natural Science 41, 33-50.

Eyankware, M.O., Akakuru, C.O., 2022. Appraisal of groundwater to risk contamination near an abandoned limestone quarry pit in Nkalagu, Nigeria, using enrichment factor and statistical approaches. Journal of Energy and Water Resources7, 603–621 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42108-022-00186-0.

Eyankware, M.O., Akakuru, O.C., Igwe, E.O., Olajuwon, W.O., Ukor, K.P., 2024. Pollution Indices, Potential Ecological Risks and Spatial distribution of Heavy Metals in soils around Delta State, Nigeria. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 235, 452 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-024-07209-y.

Eyankware, M.O., Akakuru, O.C., Osisanya, W.O., Umayah, S.O., Ukor, K.P., 2023. Assessment of heavy metal pollution on groundwater quality in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. Sustainable Water Resources Management 9, 189 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-023-00955-7.

Omo-Irabor, O.O., Olobaniyi, S. B., Akunna, J., Venus, V., Maina, J.M., Paradzayi, C., 2011. Mangrove vulnerability modelling in parts of Western Niger Delta, Nigeria using satellite images, GIS techniques and Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis (SMCA). Environmental Monitor Assess 178, 39-51.

Omosuyi, G.O., Ojo, J.S, Enikanselu, P.A., 2003. Geophysical Investigation for groundwater around Obanla-Obakekere inAkure area within the basement complex of southwestern Nigeria. Journal of Mineral Geology 39 (2), 109-116.

Opara, A.I. , Edward, O.O.I., Eyankware., M.O., Akakuru, O.C., Oli, I.C., Udeh, H.M., 2022. Use of geo electric data in the determination of groundwater potentials and vulnerability mapping in the southern Benue Trough Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 20, 8975-9000 (2023).

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04485-1.

Opara, A.I., Ireaja, A.N., Eyankware., M.O., Urom, O.O., Ikoro, D.O., Akakuru, O.C., Dioha, E., Omoko, N.E., 2023. A critical analysis of the comparative techniques of aquifer protective capacity studies in part of Southeastern Nigeria. International Journal of Energy and Water Resources (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42108-023-00251-2.

Olorunfemi, M.O., Fasuyi, S.A., 1993. Aquifer types and the geoelectric hydrogeologic characteristics of part of central basement terrain of Nigeria (Niger State). Journal of African Earth Sciences 16, 309-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(93)90051-Q.

Owoyemi, F.B., 1996. A Geologic-geophysical investigation of rain-induced erosional features in Akure Metropolis.Unpublished M.Sc.Thesis, Federal University of Technology, Akure; pp. 11-18.

Patrick, L., Benoît, D., Robert, W., 2021. Review: Hydrogeology of weathered crystalline/hard-rock aquifers—guidelines for the operational survey and management of their groundwater resource. Hydrogeological Journal 29, 2561–2594 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-021-02339-7.

Umayah, O.S., Eyankware, M.O., 2022. Aquifer evaluation in southern parts of Nigeria fromgeo-electrical derived parameters. World News of Natural Science 42, 28-43.

Zohdy, A.R. ,Eaton, G.P., Mabey, D.R., 1974. Application of surface geophysics to groundwater investigation, Techniques of water resources investigations of U.S. Geol. Survey: Book 2, Chapter D I. U.S. Govermment Printing Office: Washington, D.C., USA.

Downloads

Published

2024-12-31